Bandhani, also known as Bandhej, is one of India’s oldest and most enchanting tie-and-dye art forms. With roots tracing back over 5,000 years, this craft is deeply embedded in the cultural heritage of Gujarat and Rajasthan. The name “Bandhani” comes from the Sanskrit word bandh, meaning “to tie,” perfectly describing the intricate technique behind these vibrant creations.
The Art of Creating Bandhani
The making of a Bandhani saree is a meticulous and labour-intensive process. Artisans carefully pluck tiny portions of fabric and tie them tightly with thread, creating patterns that will resist the dye. This tying can be done in hundreds or even thousands of points across the fabric, each knot determining the final motif. Once tied, the fabric is dyed—often multiple times—to achieve rich, layered colours. When the knots are finally opened, they reveal mesmerising designs of dots, waves, stripes, and flowers.
Motifs and Meanings
Traditional Bandhani motifs carry symbolic meanings.
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Chandrakala – Moon-shaped patterns
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Bavan Baug – Symbolising gardens and nature
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Shikari – Depicting hunting scenes
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Leheriya – Flowing wave-like stripes for festive wear
Each region has its signature style—Jamnagar Bandhani is known for bright reds and yellows, while Kutch Bandhani features deep maroons and intricate designs.
A Saree for Every Occasion
Bandhani sarees are deeply tied to social and cultural customs. In Gujarat and Rajasthan, they are an integral part of weddings and festivals. Brides often wear a red or maroon Bandhani saree, signifying love and prosperity. Lighter pastel shades are popular for casual wear, while multi-hued designs bring joy to festive celebrations.
Why Bandhani Endures
The appeal of Bandhani lies in its vibrancy, lightness, and cultural depth. Each saree is unique—no two patterns are ever identical, making it a truly personal piece of art. Despite the availability of machine-made imitations, the charm of handcrafted Bandhani, with its slight irregularities and soft texture, remains unmatched.
Caring for Your Bandhani Saree
To preserve the colours and delicate knots, Bandhani sarees should be dry-cleaned or gently hand-washed in cold water. Store them in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight, to ensure they last for generations.
Bandhani is more than just fabric—it is a story of patience, precision, and passion, told through the language of colour and dots. Owning a Bandhani saree is like holding a piece of history, one that continues to brighten wardrobes and hearts across the world.